New York Drone Laws
Complete guide for commercial and recreational UAS operators
State Overview
New York maintains a restrictive regulatory environment for drone operations, most notably in New York City where Administrative Code § 10-126 effectively bans unauthorized drone takeoff and landing within city limits. At the state level, the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation requires permits for UAS operations in state parks and historic sites, and numerous bills pending in the legislature would add restrictions covering law enforcement surveillance, critical infrastructure, correctional facilities, schools, and hunting. Operators must also comply with all applicable FAA federal rules including Part 107, Remote ID, and LAANC airspace authorization requirements.
State Drone Laws
OPR-PCD-018New York Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation — UAS Permit Requirement
Requires prior written approval from the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation (OPRHP) for launch, landing, and operation of unmanned aircraft systems in state parks and historic sites. OPRHP has sole discretion to approve or deny requests and retains enforcement authority over all UAS operations without prior approval. Applies to drones, model airplanes, and quad-copters regardless of commercial or recreational purpose.
NY Penal Law § 250.05Eavesdropping — Applicable to Drone Surveillance
New York's eavesdropping statute prohibits unlawful interception of communications. While predating drones, it has been applied to drone-based interception of private communications and wiretapping. Drone operators who use their aircraft to intercept electronic communications without consent may face eavesdropping charges under this statute.
NY Penal Law § 250.45Unlawful Surveillance in the Second Degree
Prohibits surreptitious observation or recording of a person in a place where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy for purposes of sexual gratification or to harm the person. Courts and legal commentators have interpreted this statute to apply to drones used to conduct voyeuristic surveillance. The pending bill S06340 would create a drone-specific companion to this statute.
NY Penal Law § 190.25Criminal Impersonation — Drone Markings
Prohibits criminal impersonation including operating a drone falsely marked as belonging to a government entity or law enforcement agency. Has been cited in enforcement contexts where drones were disguised with police or government insignia.
Local/Municipal Ordinances
New York City
cityNYC Administrative Code § 10-126(c) — Aviation; Drone Takeoff/Landing Ban
Makes it unlawful for any person to aviate, navigate, or pilot an aircraft (including drones and unmanned aircraft systems) to take off or land at any place within NYC city limits except at locations designated by the Department of Transportation or Port Authority. The term 'aviate' includes piloting, steering, directing, flying, or managing an aircraft whether controlled from the ground or otherwise. Applies to all aircraft including recreational and commercial drones.
Restrictions
Prohibition on takeoff and landing of all aircraft including drones within city limits except at designated locations. Effectively bans recreational and most commercial drone operations in NYC without specific municipal authorization. Exceptions apply only to locations formally designated by NYC DOT or Port Authority.
New York City
cityNYC City Restriction — Drone Flight Prohibition (Public Notice)
New York City public advisory that drones are illegal to fly in New York City and instructs the public to call 911 if a drone is observed being flown. This reflects the practical enforcement posture of the city based on Administrative Code § 10-126.
Restrictions
Complete prohibition on flying drones in New York City as a practical matter. Public is instructed to report drone activity to law enforcement via 911.
Syracuse
cityCity of Syracuse Municipal Law — Government Drone Use Moratorium
Municipal ordinance banning the use of drones by city officials until adequate federal and state laws are passed regarding government use of drones in a manner that protects citizens' First and Fourth Amendment rights. This is an internally-facing prohibition on city government drone use, not a general public prohibition.
Restrictions
Prohibits all drone use by city government agencies until constitutional safeguards for privacy and First Amendment rights are established at the state or federal level. Does not regulate private drone use directly.
Penalty & Fine Schedule
| Violation | Classification | Fine Range | Imprisonment | Enforcement | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unauthorized takeoff or landing of aircraft (including drones) within NYC city limits (§ 10-126) | Misdemeanor | Up to $500 | Up to 6 months | NYPD, NYC Department of Transportation | NYC Administrative Code § 10-126 applies to all aircraft including unmanned aircraft systems. NYPD actively enforces and instructs public to report violations via 911. |
| Operation of UAS in state parks without OPRHP permit (OPR-PCD-018) | Administrative violation | Administrative enforcement action; permit denial | Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation | OPRHP retains sole discretion to approve or deny requests and will actively enforce permit requirements. Violations may result in removal from park and bar from future permit approval. | |
| Unlawful surveillance by drone (NY Penal Law § 250.45) | Class E felony | Up to $5,000 | Up to 4 years | New York State Police, local law enforcement | Existing unlawful surveillance statute applied to drone-based voyeurism. Pending bill S06340 would create a drone-specific unlawful surveillance offense. |
| Eavesdropping via drone (NY Penal Law § 250.05) | Class E felony | Up to $5,000 | Up to 4 years | New York State Police, local law enforcement | Applies when drone is used to intercept electronic or oral communications without consent. |
Unauthorized takeoff or landing of aircraft (including drones) within NYC city limits (§ 10-126)
NYC Administrative Code § 10-126 applies to all aircraft including unmanned aircraft systems. NYPD actively enforces and instructs public to report violations via 911.
Operation of UAS in state parks without OPRHP permit (OPR-PCD-018)
OPRHP retains sole discretion to approve or deny requests and will actively enforce permit requirements. Violations may result in removal from park and bar from future permit approval.
Unlawful surveillance by drone (NY Penal Law § 250.45)
Existing unlawful surveillance statute applied to drone-based voyeurism. Pending bill S06340 would create a drone-specific unlawful surveillance offense.
Eavesdropping via drone (NY Penal Law § 250.05)
Applies when drone is used to intercept electronic or oral communications without consent.
Registration Requirements
State Registration
Not Required
State Permit
Required
State Insurance
Not Required
New York does not impose state-level UAS registration requirements beyond federal FAA regulations. Federal registration through the FAA is required for recreational drones over 0.55 lbs (250g) and all commercial operations require Part 107 certification. Pending bills A00558 and S02300 would require registration of general aviation aircraft including potentially UAS used for civil aviation purposes, but have not been enacted.
Permits required for operation in state parks and historic sites (OPR-PCD-018). NYC requires designation from DOT or Port Authority for takeoff/landing locations. Individual municipal jurisdictions may impose additional permit requirements. Commercial film and photography operations in NYC may require additional permits from NYC Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre & Broadcasting.
No state-level insurance requirement currently enacted. Pending bill A00558/S02300 would require proof of insurance for registered general aviation aircraft. Federal Part 107 commercial operations may require liability insurance depending on client requirements and contractual obligations.
Applicable Federal Regulations
FAA Part 107 Commercial Operations
All commercial drone pilots in New York must comply with FAA Part 107 Small UAS Rule
Commercial drone operations in New York require Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate obtained by passing the FAA Aeronautical Knowledge Test. Operators must comply with all Part 107 requirements including airspace authorization, altitude restrictions (400 feet AGL), line-of-sight operations, and daylight-only flight (unless waivered). NYC airspace restrictions under Administrative Code § 10-126 further constrain commercial operations within city limits beyond federal requirements, potentially creating stricter local rules.
Recreational UAS Safety Test (TRUST)
Recreational drone operators must pass TRUST and follow recreational rules
Hobbyist drone operators in New York must complete the FAA's Recreational UAS Safety Test (TRUST). Aircraft over 0.55 lbs (250 grams) must be registered with the FAA for $5. Operators must follow recreational model aircraft rules including keeping drones within visual line-of-sight, maintaining altitude below 400 feet AGL, and not flying over people or populated areas. NYC's blanket prohibition under § 10-126 effectively overrides recreational use within city limits regardless of FAA compliance.
Remote ID Compliance
All UAS must comply with FAA Remote ID requirements
As of September 16, 2023, all drone operations in the United States including New York must comply with FAA Remote ID requirements. UAS must be equipped with Remote ID capability or operators must operate within FAA-recognized identification areas (FRIAs). Non-compliance can result in civil penalties and certificate suspension. Remote ID enforcement is expected to increase alongside broader federal enforcement posture visible through 2025-2026 enforcement actions.
LAANC Airspace Authorization
Commercial and authorized Part 107 operations in controlled airspace require LAANC authorization
Pilots operating in controlled airspace (Class B, C, D, or E below 400 feet) in New York must obtain airspace authorization through the FAA's LAANC system or by filing a Part 107 waiver request. LAANC provides automatic authorizations for thousands of locations in New York. NYC Class B airspace extends from the surface and requires specific LAANC grid authorization or manual FAA approval. Note that even with LAANC authorization, NYC Administrative Code § 10-126 still applies — federal airspace authorization does not override the local takeoff/landing prohibition.
Certificate of Authorization (COA)
Government agencies may operate under federal COA instead of Part 107
Law enforcement, fire departments, and other government agencies in New York may obtain a federal Certificate of Authorization from the FAA as an alternative to Part 107 certification. COAs allow for more flexible operations in some cases but require federal approval and ongoing compliance. Syracuse's municipal moratorium on government drone use does not override the ability of state-level agencies to obtain COAs.
FAA Preemption of State Airspace Regulation
Federal law generally preempts state regulation of navigable airspace
Under 49 U.S.C. § 40103, the FAA has exclusive sovereignty over navigable airspace. NYC's Administrative Code § 10-126 regulates takeoff and landing (ground-level conduct) rather than in-flight operations, which has generally allowed it to survive preemption challenges. However, if any pending New York state legislation attempts to regulate altitude, flight paths, or airspace directly, it may face federal preemption challenges. The FAA's 2018 guidance memo stated that states may regulate land use aspects of drone operations but may not regulate flight operations in navigable airspace.
UAS Integration Pilot Program and Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS)
New York participants in FAA advanced operations programs
New York-based operators seeking to conduct BVLOS operations or operations over people must obtain specific FAA waivers under Part 107. The FAA's ongoing UAS Integration Office (UIO) rulemakings on BVLOS and advanced air mobility may affect future operations in New York, particularly for commercial delivery services and emergency response drones under consideration by NYC agencies.
For complete federal regulations, see our Federal Regulations page.
Airspace & LAANC
LAANC Coverage
LAANC (Low Altitude Authorization and Notification Capability) is available throughout New York State for airspace authorization below 400 feet in controlled airspace. Users can obtain airspace authorizations through LAANC-approved service providers including Aloft (formerly Kittyhawk), AirMap, and others. NYC Class B airspace from the surface requires specific LAANC grids or manual FAA authorization.
Major Airports
JFK — John F. Kennedy International AirportLGA — LaGuardia AirportEWR — Newark Liberty International Airport (NJ, but affects NYC airspace)SWF — Stewart International AirportROC — Frederick Douglass Greater Rochester International AirportBUF — Buffalo Niagara International AirportALB — Albany International AirportSYR — Syracuse Hancock International AirportHPN — Westchester County AirportISP — Long Island MacArthur AirportITH — Ithaca Tompkins Regional AirportBGM — Greater Binghamton Airport
TFR Notice
Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) are frequently issued around major sporting events, presidential visits, and other national security events. NYC airspace is heavily restricted with Class B airspace extending from ground level at the surface airports. Stadium TFRs apply during major events at venues including MetLife Stadium (New Jersey), Yankee Stadium, Citi Field, Madison Square Garden, and Barclays Center. The Washington DC SFRA security rules may also affect operations near the northern extent of the DC restricted zone. Federal agencies have increased enforcement of TFR violations through 2025-2026.
Recent Enforcement Actions & News
Federal agencies boost drone violation penalties after detection over Fort McNair
enforcementFederal agencies have increased enforcement actions and penalties for drone violations following detection of unauthorized drone activity over sensitive military installations. Heightened enforcement posture reflects national security concerns around critical infrastructure and government facilities.
US agencies step up enforcement actions on rogue drones
enforcementMultiple US agencies are increasing enforcement actions targeting unauthorized and reckless drone operations across the country, with New York City cited as a high-priority enforcement area due to its dense airspace and existing prohibition under Administrative Code § 10-126.
FAA details actions against drone operators for unsafe and unauthorised operations
enforcementFAA has published details of enforcement actions taken against drone operators for violations of airspace regulations and unsafe operations, including several New York-area cases involving flights near JFK and LaGuardia airports.
FAA Signals Tougher Stance on Unauthorized Drone Operations
regulatory changeFAA has signaled a tougher enforcement posture against unauthorized drone operations with increased penalties and monitoring, directly affecting New York operators particularly those operating in NYC airspace in violation of both FAA rules and NYC Administrative Code § 10-126.
FAA stepping up drone restriction enforcement ahead of Super Bowl
enforcementFAA and FBI announced comprehensive drone restrictions for Super Bowl LX with increased enforcement presence in the designated airspace. The enforcement posture reinforces existing federal and state-level prohibitions in major event venues.
Pending Legislation
A00972In Committee — Governmental OperationsProtect Our Privacy (POP) Act
Establishes limitations on law enforcement use of drones and prohibits drone surveillance by law enforcement at concerts, protests, demonstrations, or other First Amendment-protected activities. Would require warrants for most law enforcement drone surveillance activities.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S01096In Committee — CodesProtect Our Privacy (POP) Act
Senate companion to A00972. Establishes limitations on law enforcement use of drones and prohibits drone surveillance by law enforcement at concerts, protests, demonstrations, or other First Amendment-protected activities. Would require warrants for most law enforcement drone surveillance activities.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S00694In Committee — Crime Victims, Crime and CorrectionCorrectional Facility Drone Prohibition
Prohibits civilian drone use within 500 feet of a correctional facility except when authorized by the FAA. Amended version (S694A) reflects committee modifications. Would create a new criminal offense for violations.
Last action: January 7, 2026
A00615In Committee — CorrectionCorrectional Facility Drone Prohibition
Assembly companion to S00694. Prohibits civilian drone use within 500 feet of a correctional facility except when authorized by the FAA. Amended version (A615A) reflects committee modifications.
Last action: January 7, 2026
A07208In Committee — Governmental OperationsGeneral Drone Use Limitations
Imposes general limitations on the use of drones within the state. Specifics of restrictions to be determined by committee review. Could represent a broader preemptive state framework if enacted.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S06340In Committee — CodesUnlawful Surveillance by Drone
Makes conducting unlawful surveillance by use of a drone a separate crime classified as unlawful surveillance in the second degree. Would create a drone-specific criminal privacy offense supplementing existing NY Penal Law § 250.45.
Last action: January 7, 2026
A02065In Committee — CodesCritical Infrastructure Drone Operations
Provides that operation of a model or unmanned aircraft over critical infrastructure facilities including electrical power generating facilities, petroleum or natural gas refinery or storage facilities, or aboveground oil, gas, or chemical pipelines is a Class E felony. Would significantly expand criminal liability for infrastructure overflights.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S09156In Committee — InsuranceAerial Images for Homeowners Insurance
Imposes requirements for the use of aerial images of insured property for homeowners insurance purposes including notice requirements and an appeals process for insureds. Would regulate commercial drone imaging used for property insurance assessments.
Last action: February 9, 2026
A00558In Committee — TransportationGeneral Aviation Aircraft Registration
Requires registration of general aviation aircraft used for civil aviation and issuance of certificates of registration and proof of insurance. If applied to UAS, would create a state-level registration requirement potentially in tension with FAA exclusive registration authority established by the FAA Modernization and Reform Act.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S02300In Committee — TransportationGeneral Aviation Aircraft Registration
Senate companion to A00558. Requires registration of general aviation aircraft used for civil aviation and issuance of certificates of registration and proof of insurance. Same federal preemption concerns apply as noted for A00558.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S04839In Committee — CodesSchool and Critical Infrastructure Protection
Prohibits operation of uncrewed aircraft including drones over school grounds or critical infrastructure with penalties for violations. Would add New York to the growing list of states with explicit school and infrastructure no-fly restrictions.
Last action: January 7, 2026
A04944In Committee — CodesSchool and Critical Infrastructure Protection
Assembly companion to S04839. Prohibits operation of uncrewed aircraft including drones over school grounds or critical infrastructure with penalties for violations.
Last action: February 9, 2026
A00260In Committee — TransportationComprehensive UAS Regulation
Comprehensive legislation regulating use of unmanned aircraft in the state including definitions, permitted uses, and restrictions on UAS operations. If enacted, could establish a unified state framework that addresses current regulatory gaps and potentially preempts some local ordinances.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S03273In Committee — TransportationComprehensive UAS Regulation
Senate companion to A00260. Comprehensive legislation regulating use of unmanned aircraft in the state including definitions, permitted uses, and restrictions on UAS operations.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S03542In Committee — Environmental ConservationHunting with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Prohibition
Prohibits use of unmanned aerial vehicles to search for, scout, locate, hunt, detect, or otherwise aid in the taking of wildlife to which the hunting season applies. Would align New York with the majority of states that prohibit drone-assisted hunting.
Last action: January 7, 2026
A01109In Committee — Environmental ConservationHunting with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Prohibition
Assembly companion to S03542. Prohibits hunting or taking of wildlife with the aid of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Last action: January 7, 2026
S06305In Committee — CodesUnlawful Use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft
Relates to unlawful use of a remotely piloted aircraft, defined as a device used for flight in the air operated remotely without possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft. Scope of prohibited conduct to be established by committee review.
Last action: January 7, 2026
University & College Drone Policies
| Institution | Policy Summary | Permit Required | Contact |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York University | NYU prohibits all unauthorized drone operations on university property across its Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Abu Dhabi campuses. NYC's Administrative Code § 10-126 effectively bans drone takeoff and landing within city limits, creating strict restrictions applicable to all NYU locations in New York City. Any research or production use of drones requires advance authorization from NYU Public Safety and must comply with NYC regulations. Restrictions: Strict prohibition on unauthorized operations. NYC Admin Code § 10-126 effectively bans takeoff/landing within city limits. Campus properties follow NYC restrictions plus university policy. No operations over buildings, quads, or occupied areas without express authorization. | Yes | NYU Department of Public Safety — publicsafety@nyu.edu |
| Columbia University | Columbia prohibits unauthorized drone flights on all campus properties including Morningside Heights, Manhattanville, and Medical Center campuses. NYC airspace restrictions and Administrative Code § 10-126 apply to all Columbia locations. Film and research projects requiring drone use must obtain advance approval from Public Safety and may also require NYC DOT authorization. Restrictions: No unauthorized flights. NYC airspace restrictions and Admin Code § 10-126 apply. No flights over campus buildings or quadrangles. Approval required from Public Safety prior to any operation. | Yes | Columbia Public Safety |
| SUNY University at Buffalo | UB requires approval from the Office of Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) for all drone operations on the North Campus, South Campus, and Jacobs School of Medicine. UB Stadium (Highmark Stadium proximity) TFR applies during athletic and major events. EHS maintains a formal UAS safety program with required training and documentation. Restrictions: EHS approval required before any flight. Stadium TFR during athletic events. No flights over occupied buildings. Coordination with university police required. Operators must hold appropriate FAA certification for intended use. | Yes | Office of Environment, Health & Safety — ehs-info@buffalo.edu |
| SUNY Stony Brook University | Stony Brook University requires all drone operations to be coordinated with the Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) department and university police prior to flight. EHS maintains a drone safety program with formal procedures for UAS operation requests, risk assessment, and operator verification. Restrictions: EHS coordination and approval required before any flight. No flights over research facilities, medical center buildings, or occupied areas without specific authorization. University police coordination mandatory for all operations. | Yes | Environmental Health & Safety — (631) 632-6410 or EHSafety@stonybrook.edu |
| Cornell University | Cornell requires all UAS operations on university property to be approved by Environmental Health & Safety. Cornell has active drone research programs through the College of Engineering and College of Agriculture & Life Sciences with designated research flight areas on the Ithaca campus. The rural Ithaca campus allows for more expansive authorized research operations than comparable urban institutions. Restrictions: EHS approval required before any flight on campus property. No flights over Schoellkopf Field or athletic facilities during events. Designated research flight areas available with proper authorization. Operators must provide FAA certification documentation. | Yes | Environmental Health & Safety — ehs@cornell.edu |
| Syracuse University | Syracuse University requires drone operations on campus to be approved by the Department of Public Safety. The JMA Wireless Dome and athletic events trigger airspace restrictions. Given the university's location in close proximity to Syracuse Hancock International Airport (SYR), operators must also obtain LAANC authorization for controlled airspace operations. Restrictions: Public Safety approval required for all operations. Stadium area (JMA Wireless Dome) restricted during events. LAANC authorization may be required due to proximity to SYR. No operations over occupied facilities without authorization. | Yes | Department of Public Safety — dps@syr.edu |
| Fordham University | Fordham University prohibits unauthorized drone operations on all campus properties including Rose Hill (Bronx), Lincoln Center (Manhattan), and Westchester campuses. NYC Administrative Code § 10-126 applies to Lincoln Center and Rose Hill campuses. All drone use for academic or administrative purposes requires advance authorization from University Safety. Restrictions: No unauthorized drone operations on any campus. NYC Admin Code § 10-126 applies to Manhattan and Bronx campuses. University Safety authorization required. No flights over buildings, athletic fields, or populated areas without written approval. | Yes | University Safety — safety@fordham.edu |
| Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) | RPI requires authorization from Environmental Health, Safety & Risk Management for drone operations on the Troy campus. The university has active UAS research programs and provides designated authorized flight areas for approved academic and research operations. Proximity to Albany International Airport (ALB) requires LAANC authorization for some operations. Restrictions: EHS authorization required before flight. LAANC coordination needed for operations in controlled airspace near ALB. Research flight areas designated for approved programs. No unauthorized commercial or recreational use on campus. | Yes | Environmental Health, Safety & Risk Management — riskmanagement@rpi.edu |
| University of Rochester | University of Rochester requires Environmental Health & Safety approval for all drone operations on the River Campus, Medical Center, and Eastman School of Music locations. The university has research programs involving UAS and maintains formal procedures for operator certification and flight approval. Restrictions: EHS approval required. No flights over the Medical Center or patient care areas. No operations over athletic events or occupied outdoor areas without specific authorization. FAA Part 107 or recreational certification documentation required. | Yes | Environmental Health & Safety — (585) 275-3241 |
| CUNY — City University of New York | All CUNY campuses across New York City are subject to NYC Administrative Code § 10-126, which effectively prohibits drone takeoff and landing within city limits except at designated locations. CUNY system-wide policy requires any proposed drone use for academic or administrative purposes to be reviewed and authorized by the Office of Facilities Planning, Construction and Management in coordination with campus public safety offices. Restrictions: NYC Admin Code § 10-126 effectively prohibits all drone operations at NYC CUNY campuses. System-wide approval process required for any authorized operations. All CUNY campus locations in NYC subject to same restrictions as other city properties. | Yes | CUNY Office of Facilities Planning, Construction and Management |
Last Updated
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